Nuclear Weapons in Lithuania: Defense against Russia or Target for Terrorists?
April 12, 2016
Adomas Abromaitis
A complex geopolitical
situation is forcing the Baltic States and their NATO allies to take
unprecedented steps to increase defense capabilities and counter
potential aggressors. A new Lithuanian military strategy approved in
March describes Russian actions along with terrorism as the main
threats for the security of Lithuania, as reported by Delfi.
Unfortunately for the pacifists, the Alliance and Russia today are
arming and demonstrating their respective military power. They
constantly compare their armed forces’ strength and capabilities,
conduct large-scale military exercises, respond to each other by
deploying new contingents and military equipment closer and closer to the NATO-Russian border.
The Baltic States have become such a border.
Moscow has placed Iskander-M
launchers in Kaliningrad. The Russian Iskander is capable of carrying a
nuclear warhead and has never been made available to any foreign army
for operational use. The weapon affords Russia the ability to use
its Baltic enclave to threaten US missile defense installations in
Poland and more generally to intimidate its neighbors – the Baltic
States.
During combat operations, it would be used to destroy both stationary
and moving targets. Targets would range from surface-to-air missile
batteries, enemy short-range missiles, airfields, ports, command and
communication centers, factories, and other hardened targets.
The commander of US military aviation in Europe and Africa, General Frank Gorenc, said the
increasingly powerful Russian air defense raises serious concerns for US military aviation.
He said that the Pentagon is particularly concerned about the Russian
air defense system in the Kaliningrad region, a Russian enclave which
borders Lithuania and Poland: “Russia now creates the strategy of
limiting / blocking access. I do not remember anything else that would
bother me as much as this strategy now and it worries me. Russian air
defense in the Kaliningrad area increasingly threatens NATO military
access to air space in parts Europe.”
The most logical response to this Moscow activity would be deploying
nuclear warheads close to Russia’s borders. It has been well-known for
decades that the United States still stores nuclear weapons in Europe.
The existence of the bombs is officially neither confirmed nor denied.
According to The Trumpet,
more than 180 American-owned nuclear bombs are stored in the Netherlands, Italy, Germany, Turkey and Belgium.
Hypothetically, if a country has nuclear weapons it can deter Russia.
The Baltic States do not possess such weapons, but there are some
indicators that they are ready to deploy or to be host nations for
aircraft equipped to carry nuclear weapons. By the way, just such
aircraft were engaged an air policing mission in the Baltics.
NATO has been paying close attention to the modernization airbases in
the Baltics. These sites have already been expanded and modernized
according to NATO standards. In addition, the United States plans to
spend $3 million (EUR 2.65 million) in 2017 on building a munitions
storage area at the Air Base in Siauliai, northern Lithuania, according
to LETA/BNS. Does it mean that this particular airbase will be used as a
storage facility for nuclear warheads? Probably not, but in this case
the Baltic States will feel much safer than now.
But there is the other side of the coin.
If
nuclear warheads were to be deployed on the territory of the Baltic
States, they would automatically turn into an attractive target for
terrorists.
Inside the halls of NATO, the future of nuclear weapons is a
simmering political issue. Some of the nuclear faithful and their new
Eastern European allies argue that readiness should be beefed up, and
that nuclear weapons should be used more for “signaling” against a
militaristic Russia. At the NATO Summit coming up in Warsaw in July, the
possibility of a new “strategic concept” involving nuclear weapons is
rumored to be on the agenda. But the Baltic States themselves should
decide if they want to counter Russia successfully with nuclear weapons,
but do so at the cost of simultaneously becoming a terrorist target.